16 October 2024
Guide To: UNECE R148 - Light Signalling Devices (LSD)
The UN ECE Regulation No. 148 outlines the uniform provisions for the approval of light-signalling devices (lamps) on power-driven vehicles and their trailers. This regulation combines and simplifies multiple prior regulations into a unified standard to ensure road safety, enhance vehicle visibility, and promote international harmonization in lighting systems.
Background
Originally, the regulations concerning vehicle lighting were scattered across various UN Regulations, including Nos. 4, 6, 7, 23, 38, 50, 77, 87, and 91. The purpose of UN ECE R148 is to consolidate these into one streamlined regulation while retaining all previous technical requirements. The regulation supports technological advancements and offers a clear legal framework for manufacturers and countries adhering to the UN 1958 Agreement.
The regulation was adopted under the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) and entered into force in 2019. Regular amendments have been introduced to account for technological advancements and clarify various provisions.
Scope of UN ECE R148
This regulation applies to a wide range of vehicle lamps used for signalling purposes. These include:
- Direction indicator lamps
- Stop lamps
- Position lamps
- Rear fog lamps
- Daytime running lamps
- Side marker lamps
- Reversing lamps
- End-outline marker lamps
- Parking lamps
- Manoeuvring lamps
- Rear-registration plate illuminating lamps.
The provisions cover the design, testing, and approval of these lamps, ensuring that they meet the required safety and performance standards.
Key Features and Requirements
Technological Neutrality: The regulation accommodates different light sources such as filament bulbs, LEDs, and substitute LED light sources, which reflects the evolving nature of lighting technology.
Sequential Activation: For certain lighting functions, such as direction indicators, the regulation allows for sequential activation of lights, provided the signals proceed in a uniform, progressive manner.
Uniform Light Distribution: One of the central requirements is that the light emitted by the lamps must maintain a uniform intensity across specified angles. This ensures that the light signals are clearly visible from various viewpoints.
Failure Protocols: The regulation provides detailed guidance on what happens in the event of a light source failure, ensuring that backup systems or indicators maintain a minimum level of visibility.
Marking and Approval: Each approved lamp must bear a unique identifier or approval mark, making it easier to trace the product’s certification and compliance with the regulation. The introduction of a secure UNECE database for storing type approval documentation also marks a step towards modernizing and simplifying the approval process.
Amendments and Evolution
Since its introduction, UN ECE R148 has undergone several amendments, reflecting changes in technology and ensuring that the regulation remains relevant. These include provisions for LED lighting, updates to failure protocols, and more specific guidance on light intensity and distribution.
Conclusion
For manufacturers, suppliers, and vehicle designers, compliance with UN ECE R148 is essential to ensure that their lighting systems are legally recognized and meet the highest safety standards. The regulation simplifies the approval process, supports innovation in lighting technology, and fosters international cooperation in vehicle safety.